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IMMUNIS®HBV Genotype EIA
There are eight genotypes (genotype A to H) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) which are distinguished by > 8 % difference in the nucleotide sequence of the HBV genome. Genotypes A and D are common in Europe and the United States, while genotypes B and C are prevalent in Asia. Genotype F is frequent in Latin America, while genotype E is confined to Central and Western Africa. Many studies indicate that HBV genotypes influence the severity of chronic hepatitis B and the response to interferon therapy. HBV genotypes have been determined by tedious methods such as direct sequencing, genotype-specific PCR, PCR-RFLP, line-probe assay (LiPA), or PCR-invader assay. This product is an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) based HBV genotyping kit, designed to determine genotype (A, B, C, or D) by detecting genotype-specific epitopes in PreS2 region .
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Feature and Advantages
?The first diagnostic reagent for determination of HBV genotype launched in the Japanese market
?Fast and easy detection based on one-step EIA method
?98% of samples with HBsAg concentration of >3 IU/mL can be genotyped (unpublished data)
?Sample volume: 80µL of HBsAg positive serum
?Stored sample can be used
?4 wells/sample
?Reaction time : 2.5 hours
Applicable sample
Hepatitis B Virus serological genotyping in human serum (Genotype A, B, C, or D)
Determination of HBV genotypes
Determine genotypes by the positive/negative combinations (serotypes) of four epitopes (‘m’, ‘k’, ‘s’, or ‘u’) in accordance with the table below.Sample sera showing serotypes other than ‘su’, ‘m’, 'ks’, or ‘ksu’ can not be classified by this kit.
Introduction of HBV
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) or Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infects the liver persistently through blood of carrier and they are terrible pathogens causing chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and finally hepatocarcinoma in some infected people. It is estimated that more than 30 billion people are infected with HBV worldwide and 1.1-1.4 million in Japan. Since it generally takes decades of years until symptoms of liver diseases appear, it should be noted that very few people notice their latent infection. The important thing is to figure out the mechanism of infection with HBV or HCV. By means of this, it makes possible to take strategies for prevention of infection or to avoid the progression of hepatocarcinoma with appropriate medical treatment even the patient has already turned to be infected. For this purpose, it is necessary to confirm if the patient is infected persistently with HBV and HCV (and in case infected, species of Viruses and their genotypes) should be identified. These 2 viruses contain variety of genotypes and potential to induce each disease or drug efficiency (antiviral medication) is entirely different by their species. The stories are published for readers to understand the hepatitis viruses easily, enjoyably and efficiently with some chapters. |
